梵文心经简本释读
2008年04月11日 16:15凤凰网华人佛教 】 【打印共有评论0

梵文心经简本释读

?????????????????? ??????

praj?āpāramitāh?daya sūtra?

般若波羅蜜多心經

?????????????? praj?āpāramitā (?????????????? praj?āpāramitā-阴性名词词干)般若波罗蜜多,到达智慧的彼岸

???? h?daya (???? h?daya-中性名词词干)心[特指进行思维、感知的器官],灵魂,思想

?????? sūtra? (?????? sūtra?-中性名词单数主格)经线,经书

? ??? ????????? ?

|| nama? sarvaj?āya ||

[歸命一切智者。]

???? namas (???? namas-不及物动词)敬礼,致敬,归命

????????? sarvaj?āya (???????? sarvaj?ā-阳性名词单数为格)[向]一切皆知者,[向]一切智者

????????????????? ??????????? ????????? ????????????????? ??????

āryāvalokite?varo bodhisattvo ga?bhīrāyā? praj?āpāramitāyā? caryā?

觀自在菩薩,行深般若波羅蜜多

???? ārya (???? ārya-形容词干)神圣的

?????????????? avalokite?varas (???????????? avalokite?vara-阳性名词单数主格)观自在

???????????? bodhisattvas(???????????? bodhisattvas-阳性名词单数主格)菩萨

??????????? gambhīrāyām(?????? gambhīra-形容词阴性单数位格)深

???????????????????? praj?āppāramitāyām(?????????????? praj?āpāramitā-阴性名词单数位格)[达到]般若波罗蜜多

??????? caryām(????? caryā-阴性名词单数宾格)修行

?????? ?????????? ??? ?

caramā?o vyavalokayati sma |

時照見

??????? caramā?as(√??? √car 反身现在分词阳性单数主格)实行[的同时]

?????????? vyavalokayati(??-??-√???? vi-ara-√lok 主动现在式单数第三人称)看透,认清

??? sma (??? sma 副词)[表示完成状态]了

???? ??????????????? ???????????????????? ??? ?

pa?ca skandhās tā?? ca svabhāva-?ūnyān pa?yati sma |

五蘊皆空 [度一切苦厄]

?????? pan?ca(?????? pan?ca-数词阳性复数主格)五

????????? skandhās(?????? skandha-阳性名词复数主格)部分,元素

??? tan(??? tad-代词阳性复数宾格)那些

? ca(? ca 连接词)又,而且

?????? svabhāva(?????? svabhāva-阳性名词词干)本性

???????? ?ūnyān(????? ?ūnya-形容词阳性复数宾格)空虚

?????? pa?yati(√??? √pa? 主动现在式单数第三人称)看作,视为

??? sma (??? sma 副词)[表示完成状态]了

[度一切苦厄] 拟或是玄奘翻译的衍文?

?? ????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ?

iha ?āriputra rūpa? ?ūnyatā ?ūnyataiva rūpam |

舍利子 <色即空,空即色>

?? iha(?? iha-副词)这里

????????? ?āriputra(????????? ?āriputra-阳性名词单数呼格)舍利子

????? rūpam(??? rūpa-中性名词单数主格)外形,外表,色

??????? ?ūnyatā(??????? ?ūnyatā-阴性名词单数主格)空,空的状态

??????? ?ūnyatā(??????? ?ūnyatā-阴性名词单数主格)空,空的状态

?? eva(?? eva 副词)才,正是

????? rūpam(??? rupa-中性名词单数主格)外形,外表,色

??????? ???????????? ?????????? ? ?????????? ?

rūpān na p?thak ?ūnyatā ?ūnyātāyā na p?thag rūpam |

色不異空,空不異色

?????? rūpāt(??? rūpa-中性名词单数从格)外形,外表,色

? na(? na 副词)非,不

????? p?thak(????? p?thak 介词)不一样,与……相异

??????? ?ūnyatā(??????? ?ūnyatā-阴性名词单数主格)空,空的状态

???????????? ?ūnyātāyās(??????? ?ūnyatā-阴性名词单数从格)空,空的状态

? na(? na 副词)非,不

????? p?thak(????? p?thak 介词)不一样,与……相异

????? rūpam(??? rūpa-中性名词单数主格)外形,外表,色

??????? ?? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?

yad rūpa? sā ?ūnyatā yā ?ūnyatā tad rūpam |

色即是空,空即是色

??? yat(??? yad-代词阳性单数主格)yad表示从句,与tad一起使用表示主从句关系,tad表示主句

????? rūpam(??? rūpa-中性名词单数主格)外形,外表,色

?? sā(??? tad-代词阴性单数主格)那些

??????? ?ūnyatā(??????? ?ūnyatā-阴性名词单数主格)空,空的状态

?? yā(??? yad-代词阴性单数主格)yad表示从句,与tad一起使用表示主从句关系,tad表示主句

??????? ?ūnyatā(??????? ?ūnyatā-阴性名词单数主格)空,空的状态

??? tat(??? tad-代词中性单数主格)那些

????? rūpam(??? rūpa-中性名词单数主格)外形,外表,色

????? ????????????????????????????? ?

evam eva vedānā-sa?j?ā-sa?skāra-vij?ānāni |

受想行識,亦復如是

???? evam(???? evam 副词)所以,这样一来

?? eva(?? eva 副词)因此,这样

?????? vedānā(?????? vedānā-阴性名词词干)知觉,感受

?????? sa?j?ā(?????? sa?j?ā-阴性名词词干)知识

??????? sa?skāra(??????? sa?skāra-阳性名词词干)完成,达成

?????????? vij?ānāni(????????? vij?ānāna-复合中性名词复数主格)识别,理解

?? ????????? ???????????????????????

iha ?āriputra sarva-dharmā? ?ūnyatā-lak?a?ā

舍利子,是諸法空相

?? iha(?? iha 副词)这里

????????? ?āriputra(????????? ?āriputra阳性名词单数呼格)舍利子

???? sarva(???? sarva-形容词词干)一切,全部

??????? dharmās(???? dharma-阳性名词复数主格)道、法

??????? ?ūnyatā(??????? ?ūnyatā-阴性名词词干)空,空的状态

???????? lak?a?ās(????? lak?a?a-形容词阳性复数主格)具有…特征的

?????????? ????????? ????????? ???? ? ?????????? ?

anutpannā aniruddhā amalāvimalā nonā na paripūr?ā? |

不生不滅,不垢不淨,不增不減

??? an(??? an-前缀)非、不

?????????? utpannās(???????←???-√??? utpanna←ud-√pad 过去分词阳性复数主格)产生、出生、升起

? a(? a-前缀)非、不

?????????? niruddhās(????????←??-√???? niruddhā←ni-√rudh 过去分词阳性复数主格)消灭、停止

? a(? a-前缀)非、不

?? mala(?? mala-中性名词词干)脏,污秽

? a(? a-前缀)非、不

??????? vimalās(???? vimala-形容词阳性复数主格)洁净、无尘

? na(? na 副词)非、不

????? ūnaas(?? ūna-形容词阳性复数主格)较少的,缺少的

? na(? na 副词)非、不

??????????? paripūr?ās(????????←???-√?? paripūr?a←pari-√p? 过去分词阳性复数主格)填满,占满

???????????????? ?????????? ? ????

tasmāc cāriputra ?ūnyatāyā? na rūpa?

是故空中,無色

??????? tasmāt(??????? tasmāt 副词)因此,所以

????????? ?āriputra(????????? ?āriputra-阳性名词单数呼格)舍利子

??????????? ?ūnyatāyām(??????? ?ūnyatā-阴性名词单数位格)空,空的状态

? na(? na 副词)非、不

????? rūpam(??? rūpa-中性名词单数主格)外形,外表,色

? ????? ? ?????? ? ???????? ? ???????? ?

na vedanā na sa?j?ā na sa?skārā na vij?āna? |

無受想行識

? na(? na 副词)非、不

??????? vedanās(????? vedanā-阴性名词复数主格)知觉,感受

? na(? na 副词)非、不

???????? sa?j?ās(?????? sa?j?ā-阴性名词复数主格)知识

? na(? na 副词)非、不

?????????? sa?skārās(??????? sa?skāra-阳性名词复数主格)完成,达成

? na(? na 副词)非、不

????????? vij?ānam(??????? vij?āna-中性名词复数主格)识别,理解

? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????

na cak?u?-?rotra-ghrā?a-jihvā-kāya-manā?si

無眼耳鼻舌身意

? na(? na 副词)非、不

??????? cak?us(??????? cak?us-中性名词词干)眼

??????? ?rotra(??????? ?rotra-中性名词词干)耳

????? ghrā?a(????? ghrā?a-中性名词词干)鼻

?????? jihvā(?????? jihvā-阴性名词词干)舌

??? kāya(??? kāya-阳性名词词干)身体

?????? manā?si(???? manas-复合中性名词复数主格)意识

? ??????????????????????????????

na rūpa-?abda-gandha-rasa-spra??avya-dharmā?

無色聲香味觸法

? na(? na 副词)非、不

??? rūpa(??? rūpa-中性名词词干)外形,外表,色

???? ?abda(???? ?abda-阳性名词词干)声音

???? gandha(???? gandha-阳性名词词干)香味

?? rasa(?? rasa-阳性名词词干)味道

??????????? spra??avya(???????????←√?????? spra??avya←√sp?? 动词形容词干)触觉,感觉

?????? dharmā?(???? dharma-符合阳性名词复数主格)道、法

? ??????????????????? ??????????????? ?

na cak?ur-dhātur yāvan na mano-vij?āna-dhātu? |

無眼界乃至無意識界

? na(? na 副词)非、不

??????? cak?us(??????? cak?us-中性名词词干)眼

?????? dhātus(???? dhātu-阳性名词单数主格)要素

????? yāvat(????? yāvat 连接词)甚至

? na(? na 副词)非、不

???? manas(???? manas-中性名词词干)意识

??????? vij?āna(??????? vij?āna-中性名词词干)识别,理解

?????? dhātus(???? dhātu-阳性名词单数主格)要素

? ?????? ???????? ? ??????????? ?????????????

na vidyā nāvidyā na vidyāk?ayo nāvidyāk?ayo

無無明亦無明盡

? na(? na 副词)非、不

?????? vidyā(?????? vidyā-阴性名词单数主格)知识、学识

? na(? na 副词)非、不

? a(? a-前缀)非、不

?????? vidyā(?????? vidyā-阴性名词单数主格)知识、学识

? na(? na 副词)非、不

?????? vidyā(?????? vidyā-阴性名词词干)知识、学识

?????? k?ayas(???? k?aya-阳性名词单数主格)灭亡,消失

? na(? na 副词)非、不

? a(? a-前缀)非、不

?????? vidyā(?????? vidyā-阴性名词词干)知识、学识

?????? k?ayas(???? k?aya-阳性名词单数主格)灭亡,消失

?????? ??????? ? ???????????

yāvan na jarāmara?a? na jarāmara?ak?ayo

乃至無老死,亦無老死盡

????? yāvat(????? yāvat 连接词)甚至

? na(? na 副词)非、不

??? jarā(??? jarā-阴性名词词干)老,老年

????? mara?am(??? mara?a-中性名词单数主格)死亡

? na(? na 副词)非、不

??? jarā(??? jarā-阴性名词词干)老,老年

??? mara?a(??? mara?a-中性名词单数主格)死亡

?????? k?ayas(???? k?aya-阳性名词单数主格)灭亡,消失

? ???????????????????? ? ?????? ? ????????? ?

na du?kha-samudaya-nirodha-mārgā na j?āna? na prāpti? |

無苦集滅道,無智亦無得

? na(? na 副词)非、不

???? du?kha(???? du?kha-中性名词词干)痛苦,不幸

????? samudaya(????? samudaya-阳性名词词干)聚集,结合

????? nirodha(????? nirodha-阳性名词词干)破坏,消亡

???????? mārgās(????? mārga-复合阳性名词复数主格)道路,方法

? na(? na 副词)非、不

??????? j?ānam(????? j?āna-中性名词单数主格)智慧,知识

? na(? na 副词)非、不

?????????? prāptis(???????? prāpti-阴性名词单数主格)获得,取得

?????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????

tasmād aprāptitvād bodhisattvānā? praj?āpāramitām ā?ritya

以無所得故,菩提薩埵,依般若波罗蜜多故

??????? tasmāt(??????? tasmāt 副词)因此,所以

? a(? a-前缀)非、不

?????????????? prāptitvāt(??????????? prāptitva-中性名词单数从格)[因为]获得,取得

????????????? bodhisattvānām(?????????? bodhisattva-阳性名词复数属格)菩萨[们的]

???????????????? praj?āpāramitām(?????????????? praj?āpāramitā-阴性名词单数宾格)般若波罗蜜多

???????? ā?ritya(?-√???? ā-√?ri 动名词)依赖

????????????????? ?

Viharaty a-cittāvara?a? |

心無罣礙

?????? viharati(??-√?? vi-√h? 主动现在式单数第三人称)分离,离开

? a(? a-前缀)非、不

????? citta(????? citta-中性名词词干)思想,心理

?????? āvara?as(???? āvara?a-形容词阳性单数主格)障碍,阻碍

??????????????????????????? ??????????????????? ????????????? ?

cittāvara?a-nāstitvād atrasto viparyāsātikrānto ni??hanirvā?a? |

無罣礙故,無有恐怖,遠離顛倒夢想,究竟涅槃

????? citta(????? citta-中性名词词干)思想,心理

???? āvara?a(???? āvara?a-中性名词词干)障碍,阻碍

???????????? nāstitvāt(?????????? nāstitvā-中性名词单数从格)[因为]没有

? a(? a-前缀)非、不

???????? trastas(??????←√????? trasta←√tras 过去分词阳性单数主格)恐怖

???????? viparyāsa(???????? viparyāsa-阳性名词词干)颠倒,错乱

???????????? atikrāntas(??????????←???-√????? atikrānta←ati-√kram 过去分词阳性单数主格)超越,克服

????? ni??ha(????? ni??ha-形容词词干)专注的,投入的

????????? nirvā?as(??????? nirvā?a-中性名词→形容词阳性单数主格)涅槃

?????????????????? ???? ??????? ????????????????

tryadhavavyavasthitā? sarva-buddhā? praj?āpāramitām

三世諸佛,[依]般若波羅蜜多[故]

???? tri(???? tri-数次词干)三

???? adhva(?????? adhvan-阳性名词词干)时间

???????????? vyavasthitās(?????????←??-??-√???? vyavasthita←vi-ava-√sthā 过去分词阳性复数主格)停留

???? sarva(???? sarva-形容词词干)一切,全部

???????? buddhās(????? buddha-阳性名词复数主格)觉悟者,佛

???????????????? praj?āpāramitām(?????????????? praj?āpāramitā-阴性名词单数宾格)般若波罗蜜多

????????????????? ?????????????? ????????????? ?

ā?rityānuttarā? samyaksambodhi? abhisambuddhā? |

依[般若波羅蜜多]故,得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提

???????? ā?ritya(?-√???? ā-√?ri 动名词)依赖

?????????? anuttarām(??????? anuttara-形容词阴性单数宾格)最优,无上

?????? samyak(?????? samyak -形容词词干)正确的,适当的

????????? sambodhim(??????? sambodhi-阴性名词单数宾格)觉悟

?????????????? abhisambuddhās(???????????←???-???-√???? abhisambuddha←abhi-sam-√budh-过去分词阳性复数主格)完全觉悟,完全领悟

?????????????? ????????????????????????

tasāj j?ātavya? praj?āpāramitā-mahāmantro

故知般若波羅蜜多咒,是大神咒

??????? tasmāt(??????? tasmāt 副词)因此,所以

?????????? j?ātavyam(????????←√???? j?ātavya←√j?ā动词形容词中型单数主格)应能当知道

?????????????? praj?āpāramitā(?????????????? praj?āpāramitā-阴性名词词干)般若波罗蜜多

??? mahā(???? mahat-形容词词干)大,伟大

???????? mantras(?????? mantra-阳性名词单数主格)咒语

???????????????? ?????????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ?

mahāvidyāmantro 'nuttaramantro 'samasama-mantra? sarvadu?khapra?amana? |

是大明咒,是無上咒,是無等等咒,能除一切苦

??? mahā(???? mahat-形容词词干)大,伟大

?????? vidyā(?????? vidyā-阴性名词词干)知识、学识

???????? mantras(?????? mantra-阳性名词单数主格)咒语

??????? anuttara(??????? anuttara-形容词阴性单数宾格)最优,无上

???????? mantras(?????? mantra-阳性名词单数主格)咒语

? a(? a-前缀)非、不

?? sama(?? sama-形容词词干)相同,相等

?? sama(?? sama-形容词词干)相同,相等

???????? mantras(?????? mantra-阳性名词单数主格)咒语

???? sarva(???? sarva-形容词词干)一切,全部

???? du?kha(???? du?kha-中性名词词干)痛苦,不幸

???????? pra?amanas(?????? pra?amana-形容词阳性单数主格)抚平,治愈,消除

?????????????????????????????????????? ???????

satyam amithyatvāt prajnāpāramitāyām ukto mantra?

真實不虛故,說般若波羅蜜多咒

?????? satyam(???? satya-中性名词单数主格)真实

???????????? amithyatvāt(????????? amithyatva-中性名词单数从格)[由于]不虚伪,不虚妄

?????????????????? prajnāpāramitāyām(?????????????? praj?āpāramitā-阴性名词单数位格)般若波罗蜜多

????? ukto(????←√??? ukta←√vac 过去分词阳性单数主格)说

???????? mantras(?????? mantra-阳性名词单数主格)咒语

?????? ?

tad yathā |

即說咒曰

??? tad(??? tad 连接词)即,则

??? yathā(??? yathā 连接词)如,像,类似,恰如

??? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?

gate gate pāragate parasa?gate bodhi savāhā ||

掲諦,掲諦,波羅掲諦,波羅僧掲諦,菩提娑婆訶

??? gate(??←√??? gata←√gam 过去分词中性位格)到达

??? gate(??←√??? gata←√gam 过去分词中性位格)到达

??? pāra(??? pāra-中性名词词干)彼岸,对面

??? gate(??←√??? gata←√gam 过去分词中性位格)到达

??? pāra(??? pāra-中性名词词干)彼岸,对面

????? sa?gate(????←???-√??? sa?gata←sam-√gam过去分词中性位格)一起到达,共同到达

???? bodhi(???? bodhi-阴性名词单数主格)觉悟,菩提

?????? svāhā(?????? svāhā 感叹词)向…欢呼,祝愿[用于佛经、咒语结尾]

??? ????????????????? ???????? ?

iti pra?āpāramitāh?daya? samāptam ||

[般若波羅蜜多心經終]

??? iti(??? iti 连接词)这样

???????????? pra?āpāramitā(???????????? pra?āpāramitā-阴性名词词干)般若波罗蜜多

?????? h?dayam(???? h?daya-中性名词单数主格)心[特指进行思维、感知的器官],灵魂,思想

???????? samāptam(??????←???-√??? samāpta←sam-√āp 过去分词中性单数)全部结束,全部完成

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华人佛教